Method of making bearing sleeves



Jan. 9, 1934.

B. STOCKFLETH 1,942,578

METHOD OF MAKING BEARING SLEEVES Original Filed June 5, 1928 2Sheets-Sheet l 1 g l 4 1 l i a i I I I i i i l i 8 i l 9 g 11 2 i l I ii I l i I i i 1 I I I I [1; i I

7 fizz/@7550? ."Ber erJZOUifi/I/ W//%10 m I 5/ Jan. 9, 1934. B,STOCKFLETH METHOD OF MAKING BEARING SLEEVES Original Filed June 5. 19282 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ill/ Z 7u/ 6721 0 3629 er lei/L Patented Jan. 9, 1934METHOD or MAKING BEARING sLEEvEs Berger Stockfleth, Niles, Mlch.,assignor, by mesne assignments, to The Cleveland Graphite BronzeCompany, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of-0hio Original applicationJune 5, 1928, Serial No. 283,109. Divided and this application February7 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in bearing sleeves o r shells andhas special reference to the production of such sleeves sized within theallowable limits or tolerances and provided with projections on thebacks of the sleeves by which the sleeves or liners are doweled to thehousings in which they are used, the doweling projections being integralwith the sleeves.

These sleeves or bearing liners are semi-cylindrical both inside andoutside and have heretofore been produced by cutting tools whichnecessitated the separate application of the doweling projections whichwas not only expensive, but lacked that positive degree of accuracy asto position, size, etc., which is an essential in modcm high speedinterchangeable production.

By means of my invention I am enabled to produce accurately sizedsleeves in large volume at low cost and either made wholly of Babbittmetal, or the like, or with a harder metal backing made of steel, brassor bronze and an inner lining or layer of babbitt or the like, and ineach instance or type provided with an accurately placed and dimensioneddoweling projection on the outer surface of the sleeve.

The process consists in producing a harder metal back shell preferablyslightly shorter both circumferentially-and longitudinally than thefinished dimensions and slightly thicker radially. This harder metalbacking preferably has the doweling projection on its back or outersurface at least partly formed, and may be either perforated orunperi'orated. The shell is then prepared to cause Babbitt metal toadhere preferably by applying a suitable bonding metal such as tinthereto and the Babbitt metal, which forms the inner wearing surface ofthe sleeve when finished, is preferably applied in accordance with themethod disclosed in Patent No. 1,803,513 issued to me May 5, 1931. Inthe application of the Babbitt metal to the backing, I may providean'excrescence on the inner side of the sleeve opposite to theprojection on the back.

The sleeve is then formed, sized and finished in a pair of dies whichaccurately size the sleeve, the dies being provided with one or more dieopenings through which the excess metal, if any, may be extruded. Thedie is provided with an opening or pocket into which the partly formedprojection on the back of the sleeve is forced, the excrescence on theinner side of the sleeve, when such is used, assisting in this action.

In the case of the partly formed projection being perforated, theBabbitt metal is forced through the opening to assist in filling thepro-- Serial No. 595,885

jection-forming pocket in the die. In this case the excrescence on theinner surface when provided furnishes the metal for this purpose as wellas for applying pressure for expanding and forming the projection toaccurately fill the pocket. I

Another advantage of the production of the projection in this manner isthat without addl tionalcost suitable or desired markings can beproduced upon the outer fiat surface of the projection in the formingprocess thus simplifying the designation of particular sleeves forspecial uses. Or the marking maybe a suitable trademark or anotification that the bearing has been produced under certain patents.

This present application is a division of my original application filedJune 5, 1928, Serial My invention will bev more readily understood byreference to the accompanying drawings forming part of the specificationand in which Fig. 1 is a fragmentary, vertical, sectional view of aplunger and co-operating die for forming the bearing sleeves, shownbefore the plunger enters the die;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing the plunger and die asthey'appear at the close of the forming operation;

Fig. 3 is a central, longitudinal section of one of the backings for abearing sleeve;

Fig. 4 is a central, longitudinal section of a bearing sleeve taken onthe line 4-4 of Fig. 1, andshowing the backing with the Babbitt metallining prepared for the final forming operation;

Fig. 5 is'a central, longitudinal section of the finished bearing andtaken on the line 55 of Fig. 2;

'Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the backing sleeve on the line 6-6 of Fig.3;

Fig. '7 is a cross-section of the finished sleev taken on the line'l-Tof Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing a backing wherein theprojection is not perforated; Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 4 butshowing a non-perforated projection on the backing;

Fig. 10 is a viewof a finished sleeve made with a non-perforatedprojection on the backing;

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Figs. 4 and 9 but showing a sleeve madeentirely of Babbitt metal, that is, without a harder metal back;

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Figs. 5 and 10 and showing the all Babbittsleeve in finished condition; and

Fig. 13 is a transverse section on the line 13-13 of Fig. 12. 1 j

1 and then cast a Babbitt metal lining within the backing, as shown ata, Fig. i. This lining is of the finished sleeve.

preferably though not necessarily provided with a rounded excrescence 5opposite to the projection 2 to provide metal to complete theinterlocking projection. Having produced the Babbitt metal lining 4preferably in accordance with the method disclosed in my said co-pendingapplication, I next proceed to complete the bearing sleeve by applying aheavy pressure thereto in dies made for the purpose. Suitable dies andtheir operation are fully disclosed in United States Patent No.1,722,995, issued to Frederick W. Burger and Berger Stockfleth on August6, 1929.

In Figs. 1 and 2 herein, I have illustrated such dies which roughlyconsist of a lower die member 6 having a semi-cylindrical die opening 7in which the outer semi-cylindrical surface of the sleeve is sized. Thisdie member is provided with a depression 8 in its bottom adapted to sizethe projection which it is desired to produce upon the back of thesleeve. There is a co-operating plunger or die member 9 having asemi-cylindrical lower end 9' which co-operates with the opening 7 toform the inner surface of the sleeve.

The upper member 9 is moved up and down 'by' means of a suitable pressmechanism, not shown.

When the upper die member enters the lower member and is forced down toits limit, it is forced down with sumcient pressure to cause the Babbittmetal lining 4, which is thicker radially than the finished product, tobe thinned out and at the final position of the dies the radialthickness is that which is desired in the finished sleeve. Closures 11for the upper edges of p the die space may be provided to prevent thecircumferential elongation of the backing beyond the dimensions Theseclosures 11 when used also operate tomdefine the extrusion slots at thesides of the die member 9 through which any excess metal may be forced,as shown at 12, Fig. 2. a

In this pressing step the first action of the plunger-9 is to contactwith the excrescence 5 and apply pressure thereto to force the Babbittmetal through the opening 3 and to fill the depression 8 in the bottomof the lower die.

The tremendous pressure to which the metal is subjected causes it tocompletely fill the depression 8 and even causes the thimble 2 to expandand be sized on its outer surface by the wall of the depression 8. Theapplied pressure forces the Babbitt metal out through the openingand'forms a Babbitt metal button 10 at the outer end of the projection2, thus completing and finishing the doweling projection as shown at 10,Figs. 5 and '7. It is obvious that any marking desired can be impressedin the outer fiat surface of the finished doweling projection, as shownin Fig. 2, by merely building up the design wanted on the bottom of thedepression 8.

In some instances it is best not to cut out the bottom of the partlyformed projection and F18 8, 9and 10 'illustrate'this method.

Fig. 8,is a longitudinal section of a prepared backing having a dowelingprojection 11 partly formed but the bottom 12 of which has not been cutout as in the form first described.

The following procedure is quite similar to that already described inthat after the backing is partly formed, as shown in Fig. 8, it is thentinned and the Babbitt metal lining 13 is cast in place, thickerradially than the finishing lining and preferably with an excrescence14.- on the inside opposite to the partly formed doweling projection 11.Then the sleeve is formed by pressure as already described, the firstaction being to press down on the excrescence 14 causing the Babbittmetal to force the partly formed doweling projection 11 down into thedepression ,8 in the lower die member and thus accurately finish andsize the doweling pij jection at the same time that the shell is compied in the press. This completed doweling projection is shown at 15, Fig.16).

Under some conditions it is not desired to make use of a harder metalbacking but to make the whole sleeve of Babbitt or similar bearingmetal. For this purpose it is preferred to cast a sleeve blankpreparatory to the forming step but such is not an absolute necessity,it being necessary merely that sufficient Babbitt metal be present inthe lower die so that when the upper member is forced in to its limitall of the die space will be completely filled with the Babbitt metal.

When a pre-cast sleeve blank is used, as shown in Fig. 11, at 16, it,-like the previously described sleeves, may be provided with anexcrescence 17 on its inner side and opposite to the place where thedoweling projection is desired. -During the no pressing step the Babbittmetal is forced out into the dowel depression 8 in the lower dieproducing the finished dowel projection, as shown at 18, Figs. 12 and13'.

It is thus seen that by means of this invention, a solid or integraldoweling projection is cheaply and-accurately produced upon the outersurface of a finished bearing sleeve.

As many modifications of my invention will readily suggest themselves toone skilled in the art,'I do not limit or confine my invention to thespecific sequence of steps .herein described and claimed except withinthe scope of the appended claims.

The improved method herein illustratedand described is not claimedherein, such forming the subject matter of my tie-pending applicationfiled June 5, 1928, Serial No. 283,199.

I claim:

1. The method of producing a dowg pro jection on the back of a finishedand sized bear ing sleeve made partly of Babbitt or ar bear= ing metal,which consists in providing a harder metal backing shell having a partlyformed. doweling projection formed thereon, the proiec= tion beingperforated at its bottom, applying a suitable bonding metal such as tinto the backing, applying Babbitt or similar metal to the backing to forma lining within the hacking, the whole being thicker than the it: abearing sleeve, subjecting the composite sleeve thus formed to a veryheavy pressure in dies provided with a depression, of the form, shapeand size of the doweling projection desired and adapted to receive thepartly formed projection on the 14 backing, and by the said heavypressure reducing the radial thickness of the sleeve, forcing the partlyformed projection to conform to said de pression, forcing the softermetal of the lining through the opening in the bottompf the partly 159formed projection to completely fill said depression, and forcing themetal of the sleeve to fill the die space of the dies and whereby thesleeve is accurately 2. The method of producing doweling projections onthe backs of finished and sized bearing sleeves made at least partly ofBabbitt or similar bearing metal, which consists in forming a blank.

approximately of the size desired said blank being of a greaterthickness radially than the finished sleeve, said blank having aprotuberance or excrecence of the Babbitt metal upon its inner surfaceopposite to the position of the desired doweling projection, andsubjecting the rough blank to a forming pressure in dies provided with adepression, of the form, shape and relative position of the desireddoweling projection and by such pressure reducing the radial thicknessof the rough blank and forcing the metal of the sleeve to fill saiddepression and also to fill the die space of the dies and whereby thesleeve is accurately sized.

3. The method of producing a doweling projection on the back of afinished and sized bearing sleeve made partly of Babbitt or similarbearing metal, which consists in providing a harder metal backing shellhaving a partly formed doweling projection formed thereon, applyingbearing metal to the inner side of the shell to form a lining, thelining formed .with a protuberance or excrecence on its inner surfaceopposite to the partly formed doweling projection, subjecting thecomposite sleeve thus formed to a heavy pressure in dies provided with adepression, of the form, shape and size of the doweling projectiondesired and adapted to receive the partly formed projection on thebacking and by the said heavy pressure reducing the radial thickness ofthe sleeve, forcing the metal of the sleeve to fill said depression andthe die space of the dies and whereby the sleeve is accurately sized.

4. The method'of producing a doweling projection on the back of afinished and sized hearing sleeve. made partly of Babbitt or similarhear-- ing metal, which consists in providing a harder metal backingshell having a partly formed doweling projection formed 'thereon,theprojection' perforated at its outer end, applying bearing metal suchas Babbitt or similar metal to the lining within same, the lining formedwith a pro-- tuberance or excrescence on its inner surface opposite tothe partly formed doweling projection on the shell, subjecting thecomposite sleeve thus formed to a heavy pressure in dies provided with adepression, of the form, shape and size of the doweling projectiondesired and adapted to receive the partly formed projection on thebacking, and by the said heavy pressure reducing the radial thickness ofthe sleeve, forcing the partly formed projection to conform to saiddepression, forcing the softer metal of the lining through the openingin the outer end of the partly formed projection to completely fill-saiddepression, and

forcing the metal of the sleeve to conform to the die space of the diesand whereby the liner is including the provision of an integral dowelingprojection on the back of the sleeve, and which 'method consists informing a sleeve blank approximately of the size and shape desired, saidblank having at least one dimension greater than the similar dimensionof the finished sleeve, subjecti ng the blank to a heavy formingpressure informing dies provided with a depression of the form, shapeand relative position of the desired doweling projection, the appliedpressure being sufficient to cause the metal of the blank to flow and tofill said depression and the die space of the dies and"whereby thesleeve is accurately sized.

6. The method of producing a finished bearing sleeve of thekind'described, and having an outer finished cylindrical surfacearranged and adapted to be seated in a cylindrical housing, the sleevehaving at least aninner lining of Babbittor similar metal, the methodincluding the provision of an integral doweling projection on the outerfinished cylindrical surface, and which method consists in forming asleeve blank with a Babbitt or similar metal lining, the blank being ofgreater radial thickness than the finished sleeve, and subjecting theblank to a heavy forming pressure in forming dies provided with-adepression of the form, shape and relative position of the desireddoweling projection, the applied pressure being suflicient to thin theblank to the desired radial thickness and cause the metal to flow intoand fill said depression as and for the purpose specified.

7. The method of producing a finished and aecurately-sized bi-metalbearing sleeve of the kind described, and having an outer finishedcylindrical surface arranged and adapted to be seated in a cylindricalhousing and an integral doweling projection on said outer surface, andwhich method consists in the provision of a sleeve blank having an outerbacking of harder metal such as steel and an inner lining of Babbitt orsimilar metal, the blank being thicker radially than the finished sleeveand provided with an integral partly-formed projection on the back ofthe sleeve, subjecting the blank to a heavy forming pressure in diesprovided with a depression of the form, shape and size of the desireddoweling projection and arranged to receive said partlyformed integralprojection, the applied pressure being sufiicient to thin the blank tothe desired finished thickness and to cause the metal of the blank toflow into and fill said depression as and for the purpose specified.

BERGER STOCKFLETH.

